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Diffstat (limited to 'rand/src/distributions/unit_sphere.rs')
-rw-r--r-- | rand/src/distributions/unit_sphere.rs | 100 |
1 files changed, 100 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/rand/src/distributions/unit_sphere.rs b/rand/src/distributions/unit_sphere.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..61cbda5 --- /dev/null +++ b/rand/src/distributions/unit_sphere.rs @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +// Copyright 2018 Developers of the Rand project. +// +// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or +// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license +// <LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your +// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed +// except according to those terms. + +use Rng; +use distributions::{Distribution, Uniform}; + +/// Samples uniformly from the surface of the unit sphere in three dimensions. +/// +/// Implemented via a method by Marsaglia[^1]. +/// +/// +/// # Example +/// +/// ``` +/// use rand::distributions::{UnitSphereSurface, Distribution}; +/// +/// let sphere = UnitSphereSurface::new(); +/// let v = sphere.sample(&mut rand::thread_rng()); +/// println!("{:?} is from the unit sphere surface.", v) +/// ``` +/// +/// [^1]: Marsaglia, George (1972). [*Choosing a Point from the Surface of a +/// Sphere.*](https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177692644) +/// Ann. Math. Statist. 43, no. 2, 645--646. +#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] +pub struct UnitSphereSurface { + uniform: Uniform<f64>, +} + +impl UnitSphereSurface { + /// Construct a new `UnitSphereSurface` distribution. + #[inline] + pub fn new() -> UnitSphereSurface { + UnitSphereSurface { uniform: Uniform::new(-1., 1.) } + } +} + +impl Distribution<[f64; 3]> for UnitSphereSurface { + #[inline] + fn sample<R: Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> [f64; 3] { + loop { + let (x1, x2) = (self.uniform.sample(rng), self.uniform.sample(rng)); + let sum = x1*x1 + x2*x2; + if sum >= 1. { + continue; + } + let factor = 2. * (1.0_f64 - sum).sqrt(); + return [x1 * factor, x2 * factor, 1. - 2.*sum]; + } + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use distributions::Distribution; + use super::UnitSphereSurface; + + /// Assert that two numbers are almost equal to each other. + /// + /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their + /// debug representations. + macro_rules! assert_almost_eq { + ($a:expr, $b:expr, $prec:expr) => ( + let diff = ($a - $b).abs(); + if diff > $prec { + panic!(format!( + "assertion failed: `abs(left - right) = {:.1e} < {:e}`, \ + (left: `{}`, right: `{}`)", + diff, $prec, $a, $b)); + } + ); + } + + #[test] + fn norm() { + let mut rng = ::test::rng(1); + let dist = UnitSphereSurface::new(); + for _ in 0..1000 { + let x = dist.sample(&mut rng); + assert_almost_eq!(x[0]*x[0] + x[1]*x[1] + x[2]*x[2], 1., 1e-15); + } + } + + #[test] + fn value_stability() { + let mut rng = ::test::rng(2); + let dist = UnitSphereSurface::new(); + assert_eq!(dist.sample(&mut rng), + [-0.24950027180862533, -0.7552572587896719, 0.6060825747478084]); + assert_eq!(dist.sample(&mut rng), + [0.47604534507233487, -0.797200864987207, -0.3712837328763685]); + assert_eq!(dist.sample(&mut rng), + [0.9795722330927367, 0.18692349236651176, 0.07414747571708524]); + } +} |