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Diffstat (limited to 'rand/rand_distr/src/unit_sphere.rs')
-rw-r--r-- | rand/rand_distr/src/unit_sphere.rs | 94 |
1 files changed, 94 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/rand/rand_distr/src/unit_sphere.rs b/rand/rand_distr/src/unit_sphere.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8e0c361 --- /dev/null +++ b/rand/rand_distr/src/unit_sphere.rs @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +// Copyright 2018-2019 Developers of the Rand project. +// +// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or +// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license +// <LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your +// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed +// except according to those terms. + +use rand::Rng; +use crate::{Distribution, Uniform, uniform::SampleUniform}; +use crate::utils::Float; + +/// Samples uniformly from the surface of the unit sphere in three dimensions. +/// +/// Implemented via a method by Marsaglia[^1]. +/// +/// +/// # Example +/// +/// ``` +/// use rand_distr::{UnitSphere, Distribution}; +/// +/// let v: [f64; 3] = UnitSphere.sample(&mut rand::thread_rng()); +/// println!("{:?} is from the unit sphere surface.", v) +/// ``` +/// +/// [^1]: Marsaglia, George (1972). [*Choosing a Point from the Surface of a +/// Sphere.*](https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177692644) +/// Ann. Math. Statist. 43, no. 2, 645--646. +#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] +pub struct UnitSphere; + +impl<N: Float + SampleUniform> Distribution<[N; 3]> for UnitSphere { + #[inline] + fn sample<R: Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> [N; 3] { + let uniform = Uniform::new(N::from(-1.), N::from(1.)); + loop { + let (x1, x2) = (uniform.sample(rng), uniform.sample(rng)); + let sum = x1*x1 + x2*x2; + if sum >= N::from(1.) { + continue; + } + let factor = N::from(2.) * (N::from(1.0) - sum).sqrt(); + return [x1 * factor, x2 * factor, N::from(1.) - N::from(2.)*sum]; + } + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use crate::Distribution; + use super::UnitSphere; + + /// Assert that two numbers are almost equal to each other. + /// + /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their + /// debug representations. + macro_rules! assert_almost_eq { + ($a:expr, $b:expr, $prec:expr) => ( + let diff = ($a - $b).abs(); + if diff > $prec { + panic!(format!( + "assertion failed: `abs(left - right) = {:.1e} < {:e}`, \ + (left: `{}`, right: `{}`)", + diff, $prec, $a, $b)); + } + ); + } + + #[test] + fn norm() { + let mut rng = crate::test::rng(1); + for _ in 0..1000 { + let x: [f64; 3] = UnitSphere.sample(&mut rng); + assert_almost_eq!(x[0]*x[0] + x[1]*x[1] + x[2]*x[2], 1., 1e-15); + } + } + + #[test] + fn value_stability() { + let mut rng = crate::test::rng(2); + let expected = [ + [0.03247542860231647, -0.7830477442152738, 0.6211131755296027], + [-0.09978440840914075, 0.9706650829833128, -0.21875184231323952], + [0.2735582468624679, 0.9435374242279655, -0.1868234852870203], + ]; + let samples: [[f64; 3]; 3] = [ + UnitSphere.sample(&mut rng), + UnitSphere.sample(&mut rng), + UnitSphere.sample(&mut rng), + ]; + assert_eq!(samples, expected); + } +} |