Add nitrokey as a dependency to nitrocli

The nitrokey crate provides a simple interface to the Nitrokey Storage
and the Nitrokey Pro based on the libnitrokey library developed by
Nitrokey UG.  The low-level bindings to this library are available in
the nitrokey-sys crate.

This patch adds version v0.2.1 of the nitrokey crate as a dependency
for nitrocli.  It includes the indirect dependencies nitrokey-sys
(version 3.4.1) and rand (version 0.4.3).

Import subrepo nitrokey/:nitrokey at 2eccc96ceec2282b868891befe9cda7f941fbe7b
Import subrepo nitrokey-sys/:nitrokey-sys at f1a11ebf72610fb9cf80ac7f9f147b4ba1a5336f
Import subrepo rand/:rand at d7d5da49daf7ceb3e5940072940d495cced3a1b3

1 files changed, 124 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/rand/src/distributions/exponential.rs b/rand/src/distributions/exponential.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3c924c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rand/src/distributions/exponential.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+// Copyright 2013 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! The exponential distribution.
+
+use {Rng, Rand};
+use distributions::{ziggurat, ziggurat_tables, Sample, IndependentSample};
+
+/// A wrapper around an `f64` to generate Exp(1) random numbers.
+///
+/// See `Exp` for the general exponential distribution.
+///
+/// Implemented via the ZIGNOR variant[1] of the Ziggurat method. The
+/// exact description in the paper was adjusted to use tables for the
+/// exponential distribution rather than normal.
+///
+/// [1]: Jurgen A. Doornik (2005). [*An Improved Ziggurat Method to
+/// Generate Normal Random
+/// Samples*](http://www.doornik.com/research/ziggurat.pdf). Nuffield
+/// College, Oxford
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// use rand::distributions::exponential::Exp1;
+///
+/// let Exp1(x) = rand::random();
+/// println!("{}", x);
+/// ```
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct Exp1(pub f64);
+
+// This could be done via `-rng.gen::<f64>().ln()` but that is slower.
+impl Rand for Exp1 {
+    #[inline]
+    fn rand<R:Rng>(rng: &mut R) -> Exp1 {
+        #[inline]
+        fn pdf(x: f64) -> f64 {
+            (-x).exp()
+        }
+        #[inline]
+        fn zero_case<R:Rng>(rng: &mut R, _u: f64) -> f64 {
+            ziggurat_tables::ZIG_EXP_R - rng.gen::<f64>().ln()
+        }
+
+        Exp1(ziggurat(rng, false,
+                      &ziggurat_tables::ZIG_EXP_X,
+                      &ziggurat_tables::ZIG_EXP_F,
+                      pdf, zero_case))
+    }
+}
+
+/// The exponential distribution `Exp(lambda)`.
+///
+/// This distribution has density function: `f(x) = lambda *
+/// exp(-lambda * x)` for `x > 0`.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// use rand::distributions::{Exp, IndependentSample};
+///
+/// let exp = Exp::new(2.0);
+/// let v = exp.ind_sample(&mut rand::thread_rng());
+/// println!("{} is from a Exp(2) distribution", v);
+/// ```
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct Exp {
+    /// `lambda` stored as `1/lambda`, since this is what we scale by.
+    lambda_inverse: f64
+}
+
+impl Exp {
+    /// Construct a new `Exp` with the given shape parameter
+    /// `lambda`. Panics if `lambda <= 0`.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn new(lambda: f64) -> Exp {
+        assert!(lambda > 0.0, "Exp::new called with `lambda` <= 0");
+        Exp { lambda_inverse: 1.0 / lambda }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Sample<f64> for Exp {
+    fn sample<R: Rng>(&mut self, rng: &mut R) -> f64 { self.ind_sample(rng) }
+}
+impl IndependentSample<f64> for Exp {
+    fn ind_sample<R: Rng>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> f64 {
+        let Exp1(n) = rng.gen::<Exp1>();
+        n * self.lambda_inverse
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use distributions::{Sample, IndependentSample};
+    use super::Exp;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_exp() {
+        let mut exp = Exp::new(10.0);
+        let mut rng = ::test::rng();
+        for _ in 0..1000 {
+            assert!(exp.sample(&mut rng) >= 0.0);
+            assert!(exp.ind_sample(&mut rng) >= 0.0);
+        }
+    }
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn test_exp_invalid_lambda_zero() {
+        Exp::new(0.0);
+    }
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn test_exp_invalid_lambda_neg() {
+        Exp::new(-10.0);
+    }
+}